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1. History of Chungcheongnam-Do
Chungcheongnam-Do (province) belonged to the northern part of the Mahan State in the Three Han
Period. It is presumed that the Worljikuk Kingdom, the cultural and political center of the Mahan State,
was also located in this Province.
During the Three Kingdom Period, the Mahan State was conquered by and annexed into the BaekJe
Kingdom. The capital of the kingdom was moved to Woongjin (current Gongju) from Hanseong (current
Seoul) in the 2nd year of King Munju (A.D.475), and to Sabi (current Buyeo) in the 16th year of King
Sung (A.D.538). The splendorous Baekje culture had flourished for 122 years until the Kingdom was
destroyed by the combined forces of Silla and Dang (Chinese dynasty - A.D.618 to 907) in the 20th
year of King Eoija (A.D.660).
In this Province, Wungjin Todokpu was established in the 7th year of King Muyeol (A.D.660), which
was renamed Soburiju (or Sabiju) in the 11th year of King Munmu, Wungcheonju in the 6th year of
King Sinmun (A.D.686), and Wungju in the 16th year of King Gyeongdeok (A.D.757).
When the late Baekje and the late Koguryeo were separated from the United Silla, this Province was
within the domain of the late Baekje founded by Gyeonwhon. The Province was then included in
Gongjumok when King Seongjong assumed 12 Mok System in the 2nd year of his reign (A.D.983). In
A.D 995, or the 14th year of King Seongjong, the administrative system was reorganized into the 10
Province System according to which this Province belonged to Hanam-do, composed of major prefectures
such as Wung-ju (current Gongju) and Wun-ju (current Hongseong). The three provinces of Kwannae,
Chungwon, and Hanam were combined into Yangkwangchungcheongju-do (province) in 1106, which was
then divided into Yangkwangju-do and Chungcheongju-do in the first year of King Myeongjong
(A.D.1171). The Chungcheongju-do was renamed Yangkwang-do in 1314 and Chungcheong-do in the 5th
year of King Gongmin (A.D.1356). However the area of the Yangkwangju-do was also called
Yangkwang-do or Chungcheong-do at the last period of Koryeo Dynasty.
In the 4th year of the reign of King Taejo in early Choseon Dynasty, or A.D. 1396, the
Yangkwang-do was disunited into Gyeonggi-do and Chungcheong-do.
Chungcheong-do was renamed Chunghong-do in the 11th year of Lord Yeonsan (A.D.1505) and the
capital of the province was transferred to Gongju from Chungju.
Later Chungcheong-do was renamed as Gongcheong-do, Chungcheong -do, Konghong-do, Chunghong-do,
and Kongchung-do and in the 34th year of King Suncho (A.D.1834) it was renamed Chungcheong- do.
On August 4, 1896, or the 33rd year of King Kojong's reign, the previous 8 Province System was
changed into the 13 Province System according to the Royal Decree No. 36, and Chungcheongdo was
divided into Chungcheongnam-do (Southern Chungchong Province) and Chungcheongbuk-do (Northern
ChungcheongProvince). Then Chungcheongnam-do was composed of 37 Guns.

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